Navigation for Masters, 4th Edition

Published: April 2012

Author: David J. House

It covers all aspects of navigational practice including bridge procedures, ECDIS, navigation, passage planning, climate, search and research and helicopter operations.

New regulations, introducing Long Range Identification and Tracking of vessels have been introduced. The need for Ice reporting in the high latitudes and with greater detail, in the form of the ‘egg code’ has become a necessity. While shipbuilding of the larger and deeper draught vessels continues to be exercised, creating revision and expansion of deep water routes.

Electronics and digital advances have given the maritime industry ECDIS and GPS, now as dominant features. It is essential that our experienced Masters, meet the challenges associated with these major changes while at the same time not lose sight of the basic principles of effective watch keeping. The importance of training and lifelong learning is as much a part of the successful voyage as the fuel is to the engines.

Content

1 Bridge Procedures

1.1 The Navigational Watch

1.2 Calling the Master (by the OOW)

1.3 Standing Orders

1.4
Bridge Procedures

2 Navigation Precautions

2.1 Navigation in Fog

2.2 Proximity of Heavy Weather/Storm Conditions

2.3 Keeping a Proper Lookout

2.4 Watchkeeping and Special Traffic

3 Navigation in Port

3.1 Navigation Around and Engagement With Small Craft

3.2 Navigation and Manoeuvring with Tugs

3.3 The Dangers of Interaction

3.4 Restricted in Ability to Manoeuvre – Navigation Proximity

3.5 Moored Vessels and Associated Hazards

3.6 Pilots and Pilotage

4 Passage Planning

4.1 The Passage Plan

4.2 Position Fixing

4.3 Landfall Hazards and Coastal Navigation Practice

4.4 Carriage of Nautical Publications

4.5 Virtual Arrival

5 Ocean Passage Planning

5.1 Great Circle Sailing

5.2 Use of Gnomonic Charts

5.3 The Composite Great Circle

6 Ocean Routeing

6.1 The Shipowner’s Preference

6.2 Geographic Constraints and Fixed Parameters

6.3 Variable Parameters

6.4 Commercial Influences on Choice of Route

6.5 Route Choice

6.6
Maritime Navigation Transmissions

6.7 Routeing Charts – Relevant Information and Usage

6.8 Climatic Routeing

7 Ocean Currents

7.1 Ocean Current Types

7.2 Ocean Current References

7.3 North Atlantic Currents

7.4 South Atlantic Currents

7.5 North Pacific Currents

7.6 South Pacific Currents

7.7 Indian Ocean Currents

7.8 Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea

7.9 Current Movement (Atlantic and Pacific)

8 Ice Navigation

8.1 Ice Examples – Encountered at Sea

8.2 Arctic Region

8.3 Antarctic Region

8.4 Signs of the Proximity of Ice

8.5 Ice Detection by Radar

8.6 Operational Navigation in Ice Regions

8.7 Navigation in High Latitudes

8.8 Ice Convoys – Instructions for Operations

8.9 Navigation in Cold Climates

9
Tropical Revolving Storms and Abnormal Weather Phenomena

9.1 TRS Features

9.2 Masters’ Actions

9.3 TRS – Avoiding Action (Vessel at Sea)

9.4 Tornadoes and Waterspouts

9.5 Tidal Bores

9.6 Tsunamis

10 SAR Navigation and GMDSS

10.1 Action on Receipt of Distress Message

10.2 DSC Distress Alerts

10.3 The role of the On-scene Coordinator (OSC)

10.4 The Role of the Bridge Team

10.5 IAMSAR Search Patterns

10.6 Distress Alert Procedures

10.7 Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)

10.8 Ship Reporting Systems

10.9 Rendezvous Problems

10.10 Termination of Distress Situation and/or Search Procedure

11 Marine Helicopter Operations

11.1 Routine Helicopter Engagement

11.2 Master’s Duties – Prior to Operation

11.3 Helicopter to Ship Recognition

11.4 Air to Surface Communications in Routine Helicopter Activity

11.5 Air Support

11.6 Helicopter Recovery

11.7 Helicopter Recognition

11.8 Helicopter Evacuation Check-off List (MEDIVAC)

12 Offshore Navigation

12.1 Types of Offshore Structures

12.2 Navigation in Offshore Operational Areas

12.3 Useful Sources of Information

13 Tide Calculations

13.1 Tidal/Tides – Definitions

13.2 Standard Port Tide Examples

13.3 Co-tidal/Co-range Charts

13.4 Pacific Tidal Calculations

13.5 Pacific Tidal Stream Examples

13.6 Tidal Predictions by Computer Software

14
Sources of Navigational Information Charts and Publications

14.1 The Navigational Chart

14.2 The Worldwide Navigational Warning System (WWNWS)

15
Electronic Navigational Systems

15.1 Required Bridge Equipment

15.2 S-Mode

15.3 ECDIS

15.4 The Integrated Navigation System

15.5 Gyro Compasses

15.6 Autopilots

15.7 Radar

15.8 Automatic Radar Plotting Aid (ARPA)

15.9 Echo Sounder

15.10 Marine Speed Logs

15.11 Automatic Identification System (AIS)

15.12 Long Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT)

15.13 Voyage Data Recorder (VDR)

15.14 Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System (BNWAS)

15.15 Global Positioning System (GPS)

15.16 Differential GPS (DGPS)

15.17 Galileo

15.18 Dynamic Positioning (DP)

15.19 The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)

15.20 Navtex

15.21 The NIS Quick Reference OAB Distribution

15.22 SOLAS Chapter V (Incorporating 2009 Amendments)

Navigation Self-Examiner
Bibliography
Geographic Index
Index